'Grasp' was the British seizure of French ships already in British ports (and Gibraltar, Malta and Singapore) or arriving in them at the time of France’s capitulation to Ger... Read More

'Grasshopper' was an Allied unrealised contingency plan for Major General Lucian K. Truscott’s US VI Corps to break out of its 'Shingle' lodgement at Anzio, on the west coas... Read More

'Grassy' was a US supply mission flown by the 708th Bombardment Squadron of Colonel Hunter Harris’s 447th Bombardment Group to the French resistance forces in the region to ... Read More

'Gratis' was a British naval undertaking off the coast of German-occupied Norway (11/13 January 1945)., Force 3 deployed for this undertaking, which was part of the larger and... Read More

'Gratitude', which is otherwise known as the South China Sea Raid, was a US naval undertaking by Admiral William F. Halsey’s US 3rd Fleet (10/20 January 1945). , The raid wa... Read More

'Graukopf' was a German spoiling attack by 350 Abwehr personnel, wearing Soviet uniforms and armed with Soviet weapons, in the rear areas of the formations facing Generalfeldm... Read More

'Gray' (ii) was the US contingency plan to take the Azores islands group, a Portuguese possession, as part of the overall scheme to seize the Atlantic islands of Spain and Por... Read More

'Grayling' was a British major air raid on Nürnberg by Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Harris’s RAF Bomber Command (30/31 March 1944)., Despite the fact that this would normal... Read More

The 'Graz-Amstetten Offensive Operation' was a Soviet undertaking by Marshal Sovetskogo Soyuza Rodion Ya. Malinovsky’s 3rd Ukrainian Front in Austria (15 April/9 May 1945).,... Read More

The 'Grebbelinie' was a Dutch forward defence line of the 'Hollandsche Waterlinie', and was also based on inundation (1940)., The 'Grebbelinie' ran from the Grebbeberg in Rhen... Read More

'Grebe' was a British operation by the Special Operations Executive to establish a small force, independent of the Milorg (military resistance movement in Norway) in the hills... Read More

'Grebe Red' was a British operation in Norway by the Special Operations Executive to re-establish the original 'Grebe' party (January/December 1944)., The three-man party (A. ... Read More

'Green' (ii) was the designation of Allied convoys (together with a numerical suffix) plying the route from Gibraltar to Alexandria and/or Port Said, Egypt (7 September/17 Oct... Read More

'Green' (iii) was a British plan by the Special Operations Executive for operations by French resistance forces against German rail communications in German-occupied northern ... Read More

'Green Room' was a British special forces operation in the North African theatre by the Special Air Service (early 1942). ... Read More

'Greenback' was an Allied unrequired contingency plan for a last-resort attack against the German forces on the French mainland, in the event of a Soviet collapse on the Easte... Read More

'Greenlight' (i) was the US and Canadian joint planning for the recovery from the Japanese of Attu and Kiska islands in the Aleutian islands group off mainland Alaska (1942/43... Read More

'Greenlight' (ii) was the Allied programme of special ammunition deliveries in support of 'Overlord' (June 1944). ... Read More

'Greenline' was the British first of a pair of interlinked offensives launched as 'Greenline' by Lieutenant General N. M. Ritchie’s XII Corps and 'Pomegranate' (ii) by Lieut... Read More

'Gregory' (i) was an Allied special forces operation to parachute a three-man French and US 'Jedburgh' team into the Jura area of German-occupied France to aid local resistanc... Read More

'Gregory' (ii) was a British beach reconnaissance of Ramree island, off the Arakan western coastal region of Japanese-occupied Burma, by a party of the Special Boat Service op... Read More

'Greif' (i) was a U-boat wolfpack operation off the north coast of German-occupied Norway against the QP.12 inward-bound and PQ.16 outward-bound Allied convoys (14/29 May 1942... Read More

'Greif' (ii) was a German operation against partisan forces operating in the area of Orsha and Vitebsk, and thus threatening the lines of communication for Heeresgruppe 'Mitte... Read More

'Greif' (iii) was a U-boat wolfpack operation in the Kara Sea (5 August/30 September 1944)., The wolfpack comprised U-278, U-362, U-365, U-711, U-739 and U-957, and for the lo... Read More

'Greif' (iv) was a German special forces 'false flag' operation within 'Wacht am Rhein' by men of SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Skorzeny’s 150th Panzerbrigade (otherwise 150t... Read More

'Gremlin' was a British unrealised signals deception operation modelled on 'Hiccoughs' and designed to discommode the Japanese through the transmission of spurious signals to ... Read More

'Grenade' was the US southern half of the Allied pincer movement, with the Anglo-Canadian 'Veritable' as its northern counterpart, to advance Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgom... Read More

'Grenadine' was the Allied air operation to provide part of the protection for the JW.53 and RA.53 convoys plying the Arctic route to and from ports in the northern USSR (Febr... Read More

'Grenzwacht' was a German operation against the partisan forces of Marshal Josip Broz Tito in the Gorski Kotar area of the puppet state of Croatia within German-occupied Yugos... Read More

'Greyback' was the designation of British military ferry convoys (together with a numerical suffix) plying the route between Dieppe on the north coast of France and Newhaven o... Read More

'Greystoke' naval undertaking to ensure the safe passages of the JW.63 and RA.63 convoys to and from ports in the northern USSR (30 December 1944/21 January 1945)., At this st... Read More

'Griffon' was a British operation by the Special Operations Executive to reinforce the 'Grebe' party and help undertake railway sabotage in German-occupied Norway (24 February... Read More

'Grimm' (i) was a U-boat wolfpack operation in the area bounded by Norway, Iceland and Spitsbergen (31 May/6 June 1944)., The wolfpack comprised U-307, U-313, U-315, U-347, U-... Read More

'Grimm' (ii) was a U-boat wolfpack in the Arctic Ocean for attacks on Allied convoys heading for Murmansk in the northern USSR (9 September/2 October 1944)., The wolfpack comp... Read More

'Grind' was British unrealised plan for the seizure of Tangier in Spanish Morocco in the event of a German invasion of the Iberian peninsula or a Spanish adherence to the Trip... Read More

'Grinnell' was a British operation to deliver Supermarine Spitfire fighters to Malta from the elderly fleet carrier Furious (August 1942/May 1943). ... Read More

'Gripfast' was a British modification of the 'Tarzan' plan for an advance to the Chindwin river, in the Indaw and Katha part of Japanese-held Burma (spring 1944). ... Read More

'Gripfix' was a British tactical deception designed to persuade the German force holding the Halfaya Pass area to surrender (29/30 December 1941)., This German force, commande... Read More

'Grog' (i) was British naval undertaking against the north-west coast of Italy, in which Genoa was shelled in a repeat of the cancelled 'Result', Livorno was subjected to an a... Read More

'Grog' (ii) was the British revised designation for 'Dingson' after the German destruction of that operation’s original base (18 June 1944 onward). ... Read More

'Grönland' was a U-boat wolfpack operation in the Atlantic (10/27 August 1941)., The wolfpack comprised U-38, U-43, U-71, U-73, U-77, U-82, U-84, U-96, U-101, U-105, U-129, U... Read More

'Grosse Lösung' was a German unrealised plan ordered by Adolf Hitler in an effort to save Generaloberst Friedrich Paulus’s 6th Army, trapped at Stalingrad, by the use of ma... Read More

'Grosser Plan' was a German unrealised and indeed wholly unrealistic strategic naval scheme for the co-ordination of the German, Italian and Japanese naval forces for a number... Read More

'Grosser Schlag' was the German overall plan for the use of massed night-fighter forces to tackle the streams of heavy bombers used by Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Harris’s ... Read More

'Grossfürst' was a German undertaking to capture a large number of Special Operations Executive agents in German-occupied France (April 1943)., Those seized included Captain ... Read More

'Grosskraftwerk Nordwest' was a German programme to construct sites in the Watten area of northern France for the launch of V-1 flying bombs and V-2 ballistic missiles against... Read More

'Grosslandung West' was the German plan for the delivery of major reinforcements to the forces holding the north coast of France in the event of an Allied landing (1943/August... Read More

'Groundsheet' (i) was a British aerial minelaying operation, otherwise known as 'Shred', by RAF units off the coast of German-occupied Norway (15/16, 23/24, 24/25 and 25/26 Fe... Read More

'Groundsheet' (ii) was a British naval undertaking, together with 'Winner' and within 'Shred', by elements of Admiral Sir Henry Moore’s Home Fleet (21/23 February 1945)., Un... Read More

'Group I' was a US special forces operation to deliver a 23-man Office of Strategic Services party into the Epiros area of German-occupied Greece to aid local resistance force... Read More