'Elsenborn' was a US tactical deception undertaking by the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops to simulate the presence, in the rear area near Elsenborn in Belgium, of Major Gene... Read More

'Elster' was a German effort to infiltrate intelligence and sabotage agents into the eastern USA (30 November/30 December 1944)., The agents involved were Erich Gimpel and Wil... Read More

'EM' (i) was a British unrealised naval sweep to locate and sink German shipping off the coast of German-occupied Norway (14 January/1 February 1942)., Two armed merchant crui... Read More

'EM' (ii) was a British naval undertaking to ensure the passage of the PQ.18 convoy with Lend-Lease matériel to the ports of the northern USSR (2/21 September 1942). , The co... Read More

'Emergenza G' was the Italian invasion of Greece (28 October 1940/23 April 1941). , The initial Italian goal in its land campaign, launched from Italian-controlled Albania, wa... Read More

'Emil' (i) was a German operation by Generalleutnant August Krakau’s 7th Gebirgsdivision, supported by the SS Gebirgsartillerieregiment 'Nord', in the Kiestinki sector of th... Read More

'Emil' (ii) was a German and Croat operation against the partisan forces of Marshal Josip Broz Tito in the puppet state of Croatia in German-occupied Yugoslavia (3/6 February ... Read More

'Emily' (ii) was a British special forces operation by a Special Air Service party to sabotage German lines of communication targets in the south-western part of the Aurillac ... Read More

'Emily' was the US first of 12 special forces operations by the Office of Strategic Services from Algeria to German-occupied France to land by parachute and help organise the ... Read More

'EMM' was the designation of Allied military convoys (together with a numerical suffix) carrying motor transport from the UK to France within the context of 'Overlord' (June/J... Read More

'Emolument' was the British naval undertaking to deliver a Special Operations Executive party onto the coast of Crete and extract other personnel (August 1943)., The SOE party... Read More

'EMP' was the designation of Allied military convoys (together with a numerical suffix) carrying personnel from Belfast in Northern Ireland to France within the context of 'Ov... Read More

'EN' was the designation of British coastal convoys (together with a numerical suffix) plying the route between Methil and the Clyde river, later Loch Ewe (August 1940/May 194... Read More

'Enclose I' was a British air operation by Air Vice Marshal G. R. Bromet’s No. 19 Group of Air Marshal Sir John Slessor’s RAF Coastal Command in succession to 'Gondola' as... Read More

'Enclose II' was the British successor to 'Enclose I', undertaken in the Bay of Biscay in conjunction with 'Derange' to locate and sink U-boats transiting the Bay of Biscay on... Read More

'Encore' was a US offensive by Major General George P. Hays’s 10th Mountain Division within the 'Craftsman' undertaking of Lieutenant General Lucian K. Truscott’s 5th Army... Read More

'End Run' was the US unofficial designation of the operation by the survivors of Colonel Charles N. Hunter’s (previously Brigadier General Frank D. Merrill’s) 5307th Compo... Read More

This was a Yugoslav and British assault on the German garrison of Hvar island in the Adriatic Sea off the Dalmatian coast of German-occupied Yugoslavia (22/26 March 1944)., Ge... Read More

'Endrass' was a U-boat wolfpack operation in the Atlantic against the HG.84 convoy (11/16 June 1942). , Named for Kapitänleutnant Engelbert Endrass, the 'ace' U-boat captain ... Read More

'England' was a German operational study by the naval staff against the possibility of war with the UK, undertaken in response to Adolf Hitler’s Führerweisung Nr 6 of 11 Oc... Read More

'Enormous' was a British programme of naval bombardments of Axis positions in and around Mersa Matruh, a logistics and communications chokepoint on the Egyptian coast of North... Read More

'Enterprise' (i) was a US undertaking to move its strategic air forces in China forward in anticipation of the arrival of Boeing B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers for the start... Read More

'Enterprise' (ii) was the Allied crossing of the Elbe river and advance to the south coast of the Baltic Sea between Lübeck and Wismar (29 April/7 May 1945)., The operation w... Read More

This was a British feint reconnaissance of a beach in Kieri Bay on the south-eastern corner of Zakynthos island off the west coast of the Peloponnese in southern Greece as a d... Read More

'Enthrone' was a British naval undertaking to mark the northern edge of the German minefields off the coast of Normandy on the north coast of German-occupied France with FH.83... Read More

'Entrümpelung' was the German evacuation of part of the Demyansk semi-pocket (1 February 1943)., After the extrication of most of the forces commanded in the original Demyans... Read More

'Envelope' was a British unrealised plan for a special forces raid on a German target in the area of Cherbourg on the north coast of the Cotentin peninsula in German-occupied ... Read More

'Envious I' was a British naval undertaking by Lieutenant J. McQuoid-Mason’s MGB-318 of the 15th Motor Gun Boat Flotilla to recover 15 British escapees and two British evade... Read More

'Envious II' was a British naval undertaking in which Lieutenant C. Mason’s MGB-318 of the 15th Motor Gun Boat Flotilla was to reach the Ile Guenioc off the west coast of Ge... Read More

'Envious III' was a British naval undertaking in which Lieutenant C. Mason’s MGB-318 of the 15th Motor Gun Boat Flotilla was to land stores on the Ile Guenioc and Ile Tariec... Read More

'Envy' was a British unrealised deception plan based on the abandonment of a glider, carrying false documents and equipment, on a sandbank of the Irrawaddy river, near Prome, ... Read More

'Enzian' was a German operation by the SS, Sicherheitsdienst and Polizei against the partisan forces of Josip Broz Tito in the Slovenia region of German-occupied Yugoslavia (A... Read More

'EO' was a British naval sortie by a major element of Admiral Sir John Tovey’s Home Fleet to undertake a carrierborne air attack on German shipping in and off the port of Tr... Read More

'EON.18' was a Soviet naval undertaking to transfer a group of destroyers from the Pacific to the Arctic Ocean (15 July/14 October 1942)., On 15 July the flotilla leader Baku ... Read More

'Ephedrine' was an Allied special forces operation to parachute a three-man French and US 'Jedburgh' team into the Savoie area of German-occupied France to aid the local resis... Read More

'EPM' was the designation of Allied military convoys (together with a numerical suffix) carrying motor transport from Portland via the Solent to France within the context of '... Read More

'EPP' was the designation Allied military convoys (together with a numerical suffix) carrying personnel from Portland via the Solent to the Seine Bay in northern France within... Read More

'Epsom' was a British offensive in the Normandy lodgement area of 'Overlord' by Lieutenant General Sir Richard O’Connor’s newly arrived VIII Corps of Lieutenant General Si... Read More

'Erasmus' was a British army and navy deception operation based on a false order of battle and intended to cover the transfer of troops from Africa to Ceylon, to exaggerate th... Read More

The 'Erika-Schneise' was a German position on the Volkhov sector of the northern part of the Eastern Front from the forest of Mostki to the north and north-west of Spaskaya Po... Read More

'Erna' was a German pair of airborne special forces raids ('Erna I' and 'Erna II') in Soviet-occupied Estonia by Oberstleutnant Paul Haehling von Lanzenauer’s Lehr-Regiment ... Read More

'Ernteeinbringung' was a German and Croat operation against the partisan forces of Marshal Josip Broz Tito in the area to the east of the Croat town of Agram, itself to the ea... Read More

'Erntefest' was a German pair of operations ('Erntefest I' and 'Erntefest II') by a combined force of Sicherheitsdienst and police personnel, as well as SS troops of the Kampf... Read More

'Erntehilfe' (i) was a German unrealised plan for the shipment of arms, ammunition and other equipment to Ireland should that country request German aid in operations against ... Read More

'Erntehilfung' (ii) was a German operation by the Gruppe 'Holzendorf' of Generalmajor Alexander von Pfuhlstein’s Division 'Brandenburg' against a major Soviet partisan group... Read More

'Error' was a British deception operation in Burma designed to persuade the Japanese that the British-controlled forces in India were considerably larger than in fact they wer... Read More

'Eruption' (i) was the British movement of the advanced headquarters of Lieutenant General Sir Oliver Leese’s Allied Land Forces South-East Asia, successor to General Sir He... Read More

'Eruption' (ii) was an Allied unrealised plan by Lieutenant General Lewis H. Brereton’s Allied 1st Airborne Army to effect the seizure of Kiel and the Kiel Canal in northern... Read More

'ES' was a British convoy operation designed as a diversion to facilitate the passage of the PQ.17 convoy carrying Lend-Lease matériel to ports on the north-western coast of ... Read More

The 'Escape of the 2nd Shock Army Operation' was the Soviet undertaking to pull General Leytenant Andrei A. Vlasov’s 2nd Shock Army out of the encirclement in which it had b... Read More